278 lines
6.2 KiB
Markdown
278 lines
6.2 KiB
Markdown
# Defaults [](https://travis-ci.org/sindresorhus/Defaults)
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> Swifty and modern [UserDefaults](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/foundation/userdefaults)
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This package is used in production by the [Lungo](https://sindresorhus.com/lungo), [Battery Indicator](https://sindresorhus.com/battery-indicator), and [HEIC Converter](https://sindresorhus.com/heic-converter) app.
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## Highlights
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- **Strongly typed:** You declare the type and default value upfront.
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- **Codable support:** You can store any [Codable](https://developer.apple.com/documentation/swift/codable) value, like an enum.
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- **Debuggable:** The data is stored as JSON-serialized values.
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- **Observation:** Observe changes to keys.
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- **Lightweight:** It's only ~300 lines of code.
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## Compatibility
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- macOS 10.12+
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- iOS 10+
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- tvOS 10+
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- watchOS 3+
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## Install
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#### SwiftPM
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```swift
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.package(url: "https://github.com/sindresorhus/Defaults", from: "2.0.0")
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```
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#### Carthage
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```
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github "sindresorhus/Defaults"
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```
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#### CocoaPods
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```ruby
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pod 'Defaults'
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```
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<a href="https://www.patreon.com/sindresorhus">
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<img src="https://c5.patreon.com/external/logo/become_a_patron_button@2x.png" width="160">
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</a>
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## Usage
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You declare the defaults keys upfront with type and default value.
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```swift
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import Cocoa
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import Defaults
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extension Defaults.Keys {
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static let quality = Key<Double>("quality", default: 0.8)
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// ^ ^ ^ ^
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// Key Type UserDefaults name Default value
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}
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```
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You can then access it as a subscript on the `defaults` global (note lowercase):
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```swift
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defaults[.quality]
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//=> 0.8
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defaults[.quality] = 0.5
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//=> 0.5
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defaults[.quality] += 0.1
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//=> 0.6
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defaults[.quality] = "🦄"
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//=> [Cannot assign value of type 'String' to type 'Double']
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```
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You can also declare optional keys for when you don't want to declare a default value upfront:
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```swift
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extension Defaults.Keys {
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static let name = OptionalKey<Double>("name")
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}
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if let name = defaults[.name] {
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print(name)
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}
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```
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### Enum example
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```swift
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enum DurationKeys: String, Codable {
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case tenMinutes = "10 Minutes"
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case halfHour = "30 Minutes"
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case oneHour = "1 Hour"
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}
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extension Defaults.Keys {
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static let defaultDuration = Key<DurationKeys>("defaultDuration", default: .oneHour)
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}
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defaults[.defaultDuration].rawValue
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//=> "1 Hour"
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```
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### It's just UserDefaults with sugar
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This works too:
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```swift
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extension Defaults.Keys {
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static let isUnicorn = Key<Bool>("isUnicorn", default: true)
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}
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UserDefaults.standard[.isUnicorn]
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//=> true
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```
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### Shared UserDefaults
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```swift
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let extensionDefaults = UserDefaults(suiteName: "com.unicorn.app")!
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extension Defaults.Keys {
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static let isUnicorn = Key<Bool>("isUnicorn", default: true, suite: extensionDefaults)
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}
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defaults[.isUnicorn]
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//=> true
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// Or
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extensionDefaults[.isUnicorn]
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//=> true
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```
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### Use keys directly
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You are not required to attach keys to `Defaults.Keys`.
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```swift
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let isUnicorn = Defaults.Key<Bool>("isUnicorn", default: true)
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defaults[isUnicorn]
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//=> true
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```
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### Observe changes to a key
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```swift
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extension Defaults.Keys {
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static let isUnicornMode = Key<Bool>("isUnicornMode", default: false)
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}
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let observer = defaults.observe(.isUnicornMode) { change in
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// Initial event
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print(change.oldValue)
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//=> false
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print(change.newValue)
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//=> false
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// First actual event
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print(change.oldValue)
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//=> false
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print(change.newValue)
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//=> true
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}
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defaults[.isUnicornMode] = true
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```
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In contrast to the native `UserDefaults` key observation, here you receive a strongly-typed change object.
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### Default values are registered with UserDefaults
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When you create a `Defaults.Key`, it automatically registers the `default` value with normal UserDefaults. This means you can make use of the default value in, for example, bindings in Interface Builder.
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```swift
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extension Defaults.Keys {
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static let isUnicornMode = Key<Bool>("isUnicornMode", default: true)
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}
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print(UserDefaults.standard.bool(forKey: isUnicornMode.name))
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//=> true
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```
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## API
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### `let defaults = Defaults()`
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#### `Defaults.Keys`
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Type: `class`
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Stores the keys.
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#### `Defaults.Key` *(alias `Defaults.Keys.Key`)*
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```swift
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Defaults.Key<T>(_ key: String, default: T, suite: UserDefaults = .standard)
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```
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Type: `class`
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Create a key with a default value.
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The default value is written to the actual `UserDefaults` and can be used elsewhere. For example, with Interface Builder binding.
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#### `Defaults.OptionalKey` *(alias `Defaults.Keys.OptionalKey`)*
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```swift
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Defaults.OptionalKey<T>(_ key: String, suite: UserDefaults = .standard)
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```
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Type: `class`
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Create a key with an optional value.
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#### `Defaults#clear`
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```swift
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clear(suite: UserDefaults = .standard)
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```
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Type: `func`
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Clear the user defaults.
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#### `Defaults#observe`
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```swift
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observe<T: Codable>(
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_ key: Defaults.Key<T>,
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options: NSKeyValueObservingOptions = [.initial, .old, .new],
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handler: @escaping (KeyChange<T>) -> Void
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) -> DefaultsObservation
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```
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```swift
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observe<T: Codable>(
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_ key: Defaults.OptionalKey<T>,
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options: NSKeyValueObservingOptions = [.initial, .old, .new],
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handler: @escaping (OptionalKeyChange<T>) -> Void
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) -> DefaultsObservation
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```
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Type: `func`
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Observe changes to a key or an optional key.
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By default, it will also trigger an initial event on creation. This can be useful for setting default values on controls. You can override this behavior with the `options` argument.
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## FAQ
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### How is this different from [`SwiftyUserDefaults`](https://github.com/radex/SwiftyUserDefaults)?
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It's inspired by that package and other solutions. The main difference is that this module doesn't hardcode the default values and comes with Codable support.
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## Related
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- [Preferences](https://github.com/sindresorhus/Preferences) - Add a preferences window to your macOS app in minutes
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- [LaunchAtLogin](https://github.com/sindresorhus/LaunchAtLogin) - Add "Launch at Login" functionality to your macOS app
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- [DockProgress](https://github.com/sindresorhus/DockProgress) - Show progress in your app's Dock icon
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- [Gifski](https://github.com/sindresorhus/gifski-app) - Convert videos to high-quality GIFs on your Mac
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- [More…](https://github.com/search?q=user%3Asindresorhus+language%3Aswift)
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## License
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MIT © [Sindre Sorhus](https://sindresorhus.com)
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